In contrast, TNFR1 plasma levels were significantly upregulated within 8 h of the vascular event in ischemic stroke patients (376.4 pg/ml [146.8;3202]) compared to controls (131.9 pg/ml [118.5;158.7]) (**p = 0.006) (Fig. 3r). This evidence concerns the gene TNFRSF1A and ischemic stroke.