MTOR and cancer: As shown in Table 1, GSK3β sustains tumor cell survival in many cancer types by exploiting various pro-survival pathways mediated by nuclear factor (NF)κ-B [48,52,53,54,55,63,78,94,95,98,107,128,129,151,153], Hh/Gli [43], mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) [97,140] and signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT)3 [27,68].