Multiplexed immunoassay showed that pathology associated with either pre-diabetes, db/db, or streptozotocin models led to the upregulation of a comprehensive profile of cytokines, comprising chemokines (macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha, MIP−1α; monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, MCP−1; and macrophage inflammatory protein-1 beta, MIP−1β) and proinflammatory cytokines (IL−1α; interferon gamma, IFN-γ; and IL−3). This evidence concerns the gene CCL4 and diabetes mellitus.