Consistent with the in vitro data, when assessed at P12 (S4A Fig), injection into Ccm2ECKO mice resulted in a significant increase in VE-cadherin expression in the EC lining of some CCM lesions (Fig 2Ai), whereas other lesions show improved VE-cadherin localization in the junction area (Fig 2Aii). Here, CDH5 is linked to cerebral cavernous malformation.