Products that are under investigation in sepsis and/or ARDS are granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (73–75), anti-programmed cell death 1 antibodies, anti-programmed cell death ligand 1 antibodies (anti-PD-L1) (76), recombinant INFγ (77), and recombinant human interleukin-7 (78). The gene discussed is PDCD1; the disease is Sepsis.