PPP1R1B and small cell lung carcinoma: It is currently unknown whether most identified upstream and downstream signalling molecules interact with DARPP-32 isoforms directly or indirectly.29 These future opportunities, the collective prior studies reporting the role of DARPP-32 and t-DARPP in oncogenesis and resistance to therapy, and our findings that upregulation of DARPP-32 isoforms in human SCLC promote growth, anti-apoptotic mechanisms and pro-survival signalling in lung tumour cells of neuroendocrine origin underscore the promise of pursuing DARPP-32 and t-DARPP as potential therapeutic targets or prognostic indicators81.