In UC, individual studies have been dedicated to adenosine deaminase activity, a non-specific marker of T-cell activation, antimicrobial peptide LL-37, adipokine and immunomodulatory cytokine visfatin (Nampt), and lysine-rich α2 glycoprotein (LRG), a protein involved in inflammatory responses to bacterial infections as well as in angiogenesis; all of these have been characterized by good overall accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity (Table 8). Here, NAMPT is linked to bacterial infectious disease.