MMP2 and cancer: Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), which is caused by adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene defects, can be treated with celecoxib (a type of COX-2 inhibitor) [87], and it can reduce the level of cancer-associated proteins, such as β-catenin, cyclin D1 [88], MMP-2, MMP-9 [89], and VEGF [90], to increase survival rate and reduce the incidence of liver metastasis.