The hallmark of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is absence or very low levels of insulin production, which can be indirectly seen by the presence of low C-peptide levels.1,2 Approximately 40-50% of the risk of disease arises from genetics, while the remaining risk arising from poorly defined environmental etiologies.3 T1DM can be subdivided in various ways. Here, INS is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus.