There were 55 down regulated pathways in the M. vaccae group (Table S6); the top 10 were mmu04510 focal adhesion, mmu04512 extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction, mmu04270 vascular smooth muscle contraction, mmu04015 Rap1 signaling pathway, mmu04540 gap junction, mmu04151 PI3K (phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase)-Akt (protein kinase B) signaling pathway, mmu04961 endocrine and other factor-regulated calcium reabsorption, mmu05214-glioma, mmu05034-alcoholism, and mmu05410-hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (Fig. 7b). This evidence concerns the gene AKT1 and alcohol dependence.