MDM2 and cancer: Similarly, it was reported that expression of MDM2 and MDM4 genes are affected by MDM2 rs2279744 (MDM2 309T>G) and rs3730485 (MDM2 del1518) respectively by MDM4 rs4245739 (MDM4 34091 C>A) variants, the mentioned variants being associated with increased risk for different types of cancer and higher incidence of advanced tumor stages [17,18,19,20].