In AML patients and human myeloid leukemia cell lines (NB4a, KG-1α, HL60, K562), a high expression of the NK-1R has been found in white blood cells and after blocking this receptor with NK-1R antagonists (aprepitant, SR-140,333), apoptotic mechanisms (in a concentration-dependent manner) were triggered by increasing mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) (Table 2) [1]. This evidence concerns the gene TACR1 and acute myeloid leukemia.