In addition, we correlated the IL-32 sera levels with the mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) assessed by RHC and the values of systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP), obtained by echocardiography, to understand if IL-32 may be considered an additional non-invasive screening tool for SSc patients with signs and symptoms of PAH. Here, IL32 is linked to pulmonary arterial hypertension.