INS and Insulin resistance: Briefly, 16 females and 61 male overweight/obese participants were enrolled with an age range between 21 and 69 years, and broad range in BMI (25.6–38.6 kg/m2), fasting glucose (4.5–7.5 mM), fasting insulin (2.8–29.3 mU/L), and whole body insulin resistance (HOMA-IR 0.65–8.76) and tissue-specific insulin resistance (see Table 1).