PTGS2 and neoplasm: This has recently been demonstrated for (3R)-falcarinol and (3R,8S)-falcarindiol isolated from carrots in a rat model of CRC, where it was shown that these polyacetylenes selectively inhibited the expression of COX-2 in tumor tissue as well as TNF-α and IL-6, thus explaining the CRC preventive effect of carrots and related root vegetables [52,53].