A study by Liu et al. demonstrated that the PNPLA3 rs738409 C→→G single nucleotide polymorphism, which encodes the I148M variant protein, had a gene-dosage effect for which an increased number of G alleles (i.e., homozygous G allele) was associated with an increased incidence of NAFLD-HCC, independently from the presence of cirrhosis, with an odds ratio as high as 12.19 when compared with the general United Kingdom population [58]. The gene discussed is PNPLA3; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.