Endo et al. [54] show how periodontitis can cause an elevation in the number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and, when this is combined with obesity, it may lead to higher gene expression of IL-6, TNF-α and CRP in the liver and in the adipose tissue, as well as to higher serum levels of TNF-α and CRP. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is periodontitis.