In particular, the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) during periodontitis is reported to trigger the cascade of pro-inflammatory signaling that, subsequently, activates redox-sensitive transcription factors responsible for endothelial cell hyper-permeability, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) activation, chemotaxis and also cytokines/interleukins (TNF, IL-1, IL-6) release into the bloodstream. This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and periodontitis.