These patients were aged 35 ± 18 years, with mean GAA1 of 633 ± 200 bp, SWT of 13 ± 2.7 mm, PWT of 10.4 ± 2 mm, and LVEF of 56 ± 14%; In the pas, 3/6 patients had previous atrial fibrillation and 2/6 had previous heart failure, but 2/6 had no previous cardiac events. Here, GPAA1 is linked to atrial fibrillation.