Hazards were significantly higher for elderly patients at least 74 years of age (HR 6.48; 95% CI 2.99–14.07) and younger adults aged 18 to 38 years (HR 1.53; 95% CI 1.15–2.04), adjusting for CD4 count, gender, adherence, and diagnosis of tuberculosis. The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is tuberculosis.