The higher level of CD4+ T lymphocytes at the tumor margin can reduce the risk of recurrence, while the decline of lymphocyte subsets (such as CD4+, CD8+, CD3+, and CD56+ T cells) in patients with advanced tumors will weaken the lymphocyte-mediated anti-tumor cellular immune response, leading to a worse prognosis for patients (24). This evidence concerns the gene CD8A and neoplasm.