TNFSF11 and triple-negative breast carcinoma: In preclinical studies, it was shown that RANKL triggers migration of RANK-positive human epithelial cancer cells [20]; and RANK overexpression in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells was sufficient to confer a significantly greater metastatic growth rate in the bone, by inducing the expression of matrix metalloproteinases and other genes previously defined as part of a bone metastasis gene signature [21, 22].