Specifically, in the absence of dystrophin-specific targeted cardiac therapies, the 2014 NHLBI working group recommended the introduction of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) in boys with DMD by 10 years of age, in addition to traditional HF treatments (i.e., beta-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, diuretics), as LV dysfunction progresses (Silva et al., 2017). This evidence concerns the gene DMD and Duchenne muscular dystrophy.