HMOX1 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: It has been reported that scutellarin (a flavonoid glycoside), swertiamarin (a secoiridoid glycoside) (Yang Y. et al., 2019) and gastrodin (isolated from Gastrodia elata Bl) enhance Nrf2-mediated antioxidant system via activating the mRNA and protein levels of PPARγ and its coactivator-1α, HO-1, GST, and NQO1 expressions (Ahmad et al., 2019), thus ameliorate NAFLD.