TGFB1 and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Moreover, our analysis identified several pathways linked to miRNA profiles identified in ALS subject muscle tissue and serum, including regulation of actin cytoskeleton, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling (Kovanda et al., 2018; Taguchi and Wang, 2018).