PPARA and hyperlipidemia: Our previous in vivo animal study demonstrated that kefir peptides prevent hyperlipidemia in HFD-induced obese rats through the inhibition of the lipogenesis pathway through reduced fatty acid synthase (FAS) enzyme, increased p-ACC protein, and stimulation of the lipid oxidation pathway via augmented expression of p-AMPK, PPAR-α, and CPT150.