Compared to their untreated counterparts, Citicoline-treated AMD RPE cybrid cells showed decreased gene expression of: BAX gene by 28.6 % (AMD Untreated: 1 ± 0.096, AMD Citicoline-treated: 0.714 ± 0.068; p=0.03, n=8) (Figure 2A), Caspase-3 gene by 77.2 % (AMD Untreated: 1 ± 0.248, AMD Citicoline-treated: 0.228 ± 0.043; p=0.0079, n=5) (Figure 2B), Caspase-9 gene by 37.2 % (AMD Untreated: 1 ± 0.147, AMD Citicoline-treated: 0.628 ± 0.028; p=0.03, n=5) (Figure 2C), and BCL2L13 gene by 28.4 % (AMD Untreated: 1 ± 0.065, AMD Citicoline-treated: 0.716 ± 0.064; p=0.010, n=8) (Figure 2D). The gene discussed is CASP3; the disease is age-related macular degeneration.