CASP3 and age-related macular degeneration: Using a combination of apoptotic assays, we found that Citicoline mitigates apoptotic cell death as evidenced by diminished Annexin V/ PI positive cell population, reduced Caspase-3/7-mediated apoptosis in live cells, downregulation of apoptotic genes, and enhanced cell viability in Citicoline-treated transmitochondrial AMD RPE cybrid cells.