To analyze functional and immunophenotypic consequences of the increased IL-1Ra levels in the context of hyperglycemic conditions, we have used recombinant protein IL-1Ra in the concentrations corresponding to the levels found in the plasma of patients and healthy controls in L-Glu and H-Glu conditions (fold change between IL-1Ra and IL-1β plasma levels was 100x and 200x in healthy controls and T2DM patients, respectively). This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and type 2 diabetes mellitus.