Of 18 proteins evaluated, two (PLGF and VEGF-A) were found to have increased concentrations within the tumor supernatant (TSN) of a subset of ccRCC subjects with obesity versus non-obese ccRCC subjects (n = 17) (P = 0.0302, P = 0.0330) with the remaining 16 proteins unaltered (Fig 5A, S2 Fig). Here, VEGFA is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.