EGFR and non-small cell lung carcinoma: EGFR kinase domain mutations, such as L858R and exon 19 deletion, are the most frequent oncogenic-driven mutations in human NSCLC (5–15% in Caucasians and 40–55% in East Asians), and EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have been developed as an effective therapy for advanced EGFR-mutated NSCLC [35,36,37].