Oncolytic measles viruses specifically targeting CD133 (MV-141.7 and MV-AC133) and anti-surface marker antibodies have additionally been developed for clinical trials, including anti-EpCAM (VB4-845) and anti-CD44, which block surface markers of LCSCs alone or in conjunction with other chemotherapeutic agents for HCC. Here, CD44 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.