In particular, pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance are observed in type 2 diabetes [3] and the DN is associated with an imbalance pro-oxidant/antioxidant and, in particular, with an overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS)/reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and a decrease in antioxidant enzymes (manganese superoxide dismutase-MnSOD, glutathione peroxidase-GPx, and catalase-CAT) [8]. This evidence concerns the gene CAT and Insulin resistance.