Total serum IgE levels (a general marker for atopy), the absolute number and percent eosinophils (markers for hypereosinophilia), and maximum expiratory ventilation per second (an indicator of lung airway inflammation) were evaluated. CCL3 concentrations were significantly higher in AR patients than in healthy controls (15.03 ± 7.11 pg/ml versus 8.34 ± 4.46 pg/ml; p = 0.001 by t-test, p = 0.026 by Mann-Whitney U-test) (Tables 2, 3 and Figure 1). This evidence concerns the gene CCL3 and inflammation.