GCG and dumping syndrome: The second mechanism involved in the pathophysiology of early dumping syndrome is probably enhanced release of several gastrointestinal hormones, including vasoactive agents (such as neurotensin and vasoactive intestinal peptide), incretins (such as glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1)), YY gastric inhibitory polypeptide and glucose modulators (such as insulin and glucagon)1,17,20,39–47.