TNF and rheumatoid arthritis: We employed a widely used AD mouse model, the 5XFAD26, and a TNF-α knock-in transgenic mouse with deletion of the AU-rich elements in the 3′UTR of the endogenous mouse TNF-α (TNFΔARE/+) that results in elevated mouse TNF-α levels in the blood and development of RA and Crohn’s disease25.