NFE2L2 and cyst: Although it needs to be taken into consideration that long-term continuous activation of Nrf2, as seen in our caNrf2 transgenic animals, caused defects in the cornified envelope, mild inflammation and cyst formation (Schäfer et al., 2012, 2014); this might not be the case in mice with an impaired epidermal barrier, as suggested by the rescue of the barrier function deficiency in loricrin knockout mice by pharmacological Nrf2 activation (Huebner et al., 2012).