Our findings confirm the previous view that mitochondrial dysfunction induced by hyperglycemia plays an essential part in the occurrence of DN, and are also consistent with the following hypothesis: the rise in the ROS level caused by mitochondrial damage plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of DN through the TXNIP-NLRP3 axis, and is likely to be related to pyroptosis [33]. This evidence concerns the gene TXNIP and Hyperglycemia.