VCAM1 and atherosclerosis: Recent studies show that HT is able to reduce cardiovascular risk in the early stages of atherosclerosis, decreasing the secretion of several adhesion molecules such as E-selectin, P-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) in human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC) [10,11].