TNF and cancer: The tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), which exists in two bioactive forms—26 kDa and 17 kDa forms, a transmembrane form and a soluble form, respectively—induces cancer cell apoptosis [7,8] by enhancing caspase activity through extrinsic (death receptor signaling) pathways, such as the TNF receptor I (TNFR I), Fas, and TNF-α-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor 1 or intrinsic (mitochondrial) pathways mediated by Bad, Bid, and Bax [9,10].