Leptin and adiponectin, as well as estrogen production and their transductional routes, seem to be important for further considerations as potential targets for diagnosis and therapy of Leydig cell tumors and adipose tissue dysfunction [11,72], although more precise analyses e.g., ultrastructural and epigenetical, should be used for precise recognition of subtle differences that can exist in tumor tissue biochemistry between non-obese and obese patients. The gene discussed is LEP; the disease is Leydig cell tumor.