TLR3 and Flavivirus Infections: In human cells, the host responds to flavivirus infection by recognizing viral nucleic acids through several distinct PRRs including RLRs, TLR-3, 7, and 8, NLRs, and the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase/stimulator of IFN genes- (cGAS-STING-) dependent sensing pathway [151, 152] (Figure 5).