In a previous study [13], we had selected eight urinary cytokines and chemokines and demonstrated that interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-18, interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and macrophage inflammatory protein 1-beta (MIP1B) could be measured in urine from youths with and without diabetes. Here, CCL4 is linked to diabetes mellitus.