Previous studies revealed that biomarkers such as brain-specific proteins (neuron-specific enolase (NSE), S100B, ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase-L1, total Tau) and cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, IL-10, IL-13, interferon-gamma, tumor necrosis factor alpha and brain-derived neurotrophic factor, are helpful in the diagnosis of HIE and prediction of neurodevelopment outcomes [3–6]. The gene discussed is ENO2; the disease is perinatal asphyxia.