Recently, 16 missense mutations, 9 in P4HB/PDIA1, the gene encoding PDIA1, and 7 in PDIA3, encoding ERp57, were identified in patients with ALS (Gonzalez-Perez et al., 2015, Woehlbier et al., 2016). The gene discussed is PDIA3; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.