MTOR and neoplasm: In general, the activation of EGF and VEGF receptors (EGFR and VEGFR) stimulates the Ras/Raf/MAPK kinase (MEK)/MAPK signaling cascade, which is involved in tumor progression or the PI3K/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) cascade that promotes cell growth and the EMT [27,28].