Our recent studies have unraveled a novel role of AEG-1/MTDH, which is highly overexpressed in HCC patients and can function as a strong oncogene, in regulating both steatosis and inflammation, and a hepatocyte-specific nanoparticle delivering the AEG-1 siRNA showed pre-clinical efficacy in inhibiting HFD-induced NASH in mice and abrogated the growth of human HCC xenografts in nude mice, mandating further evaluation of these strategies in clinical trials [202,203]. The gene discussed is MTDH; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.