AHR and chronic kidney disease: Considering that AhR activation mediates kidney disease and renal cell carcinoma, and that declining renal function leads to the retention of various metabolites [5] that contributes to a variety of diseases, especially chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD), as well as that uremic toxins from tryptophan metabolites that activate AhR contribute to these diseases, uremic toxins may provide new potential therapeutic approaches targeting AhR activation.