Prognostic markers include mRNA, miRNA, genes or proteins, however, in NSCLC, the majority of prognostic markers are proteins targeting early-stage disease.42,43 Meta-analyses of multiple repositories presents a cost-effective method for identifying potential prognostic factors.43 In this study, meta-analysis of COMMD4 expression showed that NSCLC patients expressed statistically higher levels of COMMD4 expression and this was irrespective of tumour grade or subtype. Here, COMMD4 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.