Measuring the shortest three-dimensional distance to the endosteum [17], we demonstrated that transplanted BCR-ABL1+ Lin− c-Kit+ Sca-1+ (LKS) cells, which harbor the LSC [19] in the retroviral transduction/transplantation model of CML [20], and, particularly, LKS CD150+ CD48− (SLAM) cells, were located significantly further away from the endosteum than control cells (P = 0.0029 and P = 0.0035, respectively, Figs. 1a, S1A and Supplementary Table 1). The gene discussed is CD48; the disease is chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive.