In line with these findings, analyses testing for balancing selection pointed to adaptive events specific of the N_ITA cluster and mediated by ALDH genes involved in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis or by PRKC and PLCG/PLCB loci playing a role in pathological mechanisms underlying insulin resistance and the onset of diabetic complications (Additional file 1: Table S5). The gene discussed is LDHA; the disease is Insulin resistance.