PSEN1 and Alzheimer disease: In this study, we report for the first time that ChLNs derived from hMSCs carrying the PSEN1 E280A mutation recapitulate typical pathologic features of AD at 4 days post transdifferentiation, i.e., eleven days of culture (7 days in Ch-N-Rm and 4 days in RCm) including increased secretion of Aβ42, intracellular accumulation of sAPPβf, and TAU phosphorylation.